The Trinity Aquifer consists of basal Cretaceous-age Trinity Group formations extending through 61 counties from the Red River in North Texas to the Hill Country of Central Texas. This dataset, published in 2003, contains the shallowest principal aquifers of the conterminous United States, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands, portrayed as polygons. San Antonio The Texas Water Development Board recognizes and names 15 such aquifers. It's very responsive to the weather and very responsive to drought, unfortunately. PrefaceThe Ground Water Atlas of the United States presents a comprehensive summary of the Nation's ground-water resources and is a basic reference for the location, geography, geology, and hydrologic characteristics of the major aquifers in the Nation. Water level increases were found in the northern portion of the study area, near the Yoakum and Terry County boundary and in northeastern Gaines County. Although water level declines in excess of 300 feet have occurred in several areas over the last 50 to 60 years, the rate of decline has slowed, and water levels have risen in a few areas. Official websites use .gov Latitude (DD) Longitude (DD) County. County State Well Number Aquifer Aquifer Type Entity/Cooperator Period of Record Wheeler : 0529711 : Ogallala : Unconfined : Texas Water Development Board 2006-07-18 to 2012-08-15: Carson . Purchase your copy of the brand new Texas Almanac today! The aquifer maps and reports undergo continual revision to reflect the latest information available. In the south, the Trinity includes the Glen Rose and underlying Travis Peak formations. Elevation (ft) Well Depth (ft) Water Level Observation Type. Anaquiferis a geologic formation, a group of formations, or a part of a formation that contains sufficient saturated permeable material to yield significant quantities of water to wells and springs. Delineations of the downdip boundaries of such aquifers as the Edwards (BFZ), Trinity, and Carrizo-Wilcox are based on chemical quality criteria. These declines are primarily attributed to municipal pumping, but they have slowed over the past decade as a result of increasing reliance on surface water. The Geologic Atlas of Texas illustrates the surface extent of geologic formations (and aquifers) across the state. In 2008, municipal uses accounted for 62 percent and irrigation accounted for 25 percent of the total pumpage from the aquifer. 1, Management plan data for Llano Estacado UWCD, Management Plan Information for Hemphill County UWCD, Management plan information for Mesquite GCD, Management plan information for High Plains UWCD #1, Management plan information for Hemphil County UWCD, Proportion of aquifer with groundwater conservation districts: 86 percent, Number of counties containing the aquifer: 49. It is the third most important groundwater resource in Texas after the Edwards and the Ogallala aquifers. This dataset, published in 2002, represents the extent of the alluvial and glacial aquifers north of the southern-most line of glaciation. The aquifer is comprised of the Twin Mountains, Glen Rose, Paluxy, Hosston, and Hensell formations. The quality of groundwater used for public supply was assessed in 25 principal aquifers (PAs) that account for 84% of groundwater pumped for public supply in the U.S. (89.6 million people on a proportional basis). Entriesinitalicsare no longer valid.To learn more about a specific aquifer, visit the Principal Aquifers websitefor an overview, or access more extensive information from theGround Water Atlas of the United States. Volcanic-rock aquifers have a wide range of chemical, mineralogic, structural, and hydraulic properties Aquifer maps often include large-to-small areas that are designated "minor aquifer," "not a principal aquifer," or "confining unit. These are usually areas are underlain by low-permeability deposits and rocks, unsaturated materials, or aquifers that supply little water because they are of local extent, poorly permeable, or both. Groundwater also supplies about 35 percent of the municipal needs of the state. About 75 percent of this water is used for irrigation, with irrigators withdrawing most of this water from the Ogallala Aquifer alone (74 percent of all groundwater used for irrigation, or 4.5 million acre-feet per year). For the location tool click on the map to get coordinates for a particular location. For study or mapping purposes, aquifers are often combined into aquifer systems. In 2008, about 72 percent of pumpage from the aquifer was for municipal use. These data delineate the areal extent of the alluvial and glacial aquifers as defined in The Ground Water Atlas of The United States. A major aquifer is generally defined as supplying large quantities of water in large areas of the state. Until recently, San Antonio was one of the largest cities in the world that relied solely on a single groundwater source for its municipal supply. Alluvial aquifers--consist of stream-valley aquifers and other aquifers of unconsolidated alluvial materials, not included in another named national aquifer, south of the limit ofQuarternarycontinental glaciation and east of the Rocky Mountains. . For a deeper dive into principal aquifers:TheGround Water Atlas of the United States(USGS Hydrologic Atlas 730,published inchapters from 1990 to2000) describes the location, hydrologic characteristics, and geologic characteristics of the principal aquifers throughout thefiftyStates, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Aquifers can contain fresh, brackish, or saline water; or, usually, all three There are several types of aquifers with very different characteristics Michael Conner: Understanding Aquifers 7 All the "science" about aquifers is a simplification, and it is frequently quite controversial. In most places where these two rock types are interbedded, the carbonate rocks yield much more water than the sandstone. The Ogallala Formation of late Miocene to early Pliocene age consists of heterogeneous sequen-ces of coarse-grained sand and gravel in the lower part, grading upward into clay, silt, and fine sand. In Harris, Galveston, Fort Bend, Jasper, and Wharton counties, water level declines of as much as 350 feet have led to land subsidence. In Texas, a minor aquifer is defined as one that supplies large quantities of water in small areas or small quantities of water in large areas. Well, in Central Texas, and particularly the Edwards Aquifer, it's an aquifer that has a lot of caves in it and fractures. The Ogallala Aquifer is the largest aquifer in the United States and is a major aquifer of Texas underlying much of the High Plains region. Note that alluvial aquifers north of the limit of continental glaciation are included inSand and gravel aquifers (glaciated regions). Surficial deposits of glacial origin (New Jersey) should be included in Sand and gravel aquifers (glaciated regions). Municipal use accounted for 63 percent of the total aquifer use in 2008. Hydrogeologic unit boundaries (framework) and groundwater recharge data. Water levels have declined in the Winter Garden area because of irrigation pumping and in the northeastern part of the aquifer because of municipal pumping. The information was collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and other agencies during the course of many years of study. There are nine major aquifers and 22 minor aquifers that supply groundwater for municipal and irrigation needs throughout the state. Water-conservation measures by agricultural and municipal users are being promoted. User Guide - This downloadable PDF document explains how to use the tools available in the viewer. In cooperation with Harris-Galveston Subsidence District, the City of Houston, Fort Bend County Subsidence District, Lone Star Groundwater Conservation District, and Brazoria County Groundwater Conservation District, the U.S. Geological Survey Texas Water Science Center Gulf Coast . The Edwards aquifer in the Balcones fault zone of southcentral Texas is one of the most permeable and most productive aquifers in the world. Water from the Antlers portion is used mainly for irrigation in the outcrop area of North and Central Texas. . The water-yielding properties of carbonate rocks vary widely; some yield almost no water and are considered to be confining units, whereas others are among the most productive aquifers known. In general, groundwater is fresh but very hard in the outcrop of the aquifer. H2Oaks is This map, which was derived fromGround Water Atlas of the United Statesdata (published as part of the National Atlas in 1998, revised 2003) indicates the areal extent of the uppermost principal aquifers on a national scale. January 31, 2023. TWDB maps depict the 9 major and 21 minor aquifers. Their combined freshwater saturated thickness averages about 600 feet in North Texas and about 1,900 feet in Central Texas. Aquifers with this characteristic are common, although not exclusive, east and south of Interstate Highway 35. Some of the state's largest water level declines, ranging from 350 to more than 1,000 feet, have occurred in counties along the IH-35 corridor from McLennan County to Grayson County. Unconsolidated sand and gravel aquifers are characterized by intergranular porosity and all contain water primarily under unconfined, or water-table, conditions. About 55 percent of all water used in Texas was sourced through aquifers in 2019. Get your free copy of the 20202021 Texas Almanac eBook. Tell us about it! Water Systems The appropriate component aquifer should be used instead of Northern Great Plains. Natural salt pollution in the upper reaches of the Red and Brazos river basins precludes the full utilization of these water resources. Groundwater movement in sandstone aquifers primarily is along bedding planes, but joints and fractures provide avenues for the vertical movement of water. Irrigation pumping accounts for slightly more than half the water pumped, and pumping for municipal supply accounts for another 40 percent. Would you like to submit an article, provide feedback, or just get in touch? Nearly 80 percent of the groundwater produced in 2008 was used for irrigating crops, especially in the Panhandle region. The aquifer underlies an extensive area in south-central Texas extending along the Balcones fault zone from Kinney County eastward to San Antonio, and thence northeastward to Hays County. This dataset documents the depth to groundwater measured in wells screened in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers in the Houston-Galveston region, Texas for 2019. These aquifers are located in El Paso and Hudspeth counties in far West Texas and occur in Tertiary and Quaternary basin-fill deposits that extend northward into New Mexico and westward into Mexico. Freshwater saturated thickness averages 95 feet. The areal and vertical location of major aquifers is fundamental to the determination of groundwater availability for the Nation. The Catahoula Aquifer is considered an Alternative Water Source (AWS) in Montgomery County. The Carrizo-Wilcox Aquifer is located beneath 66 counties in the northeast region of the Rio Grande Valley in South Texas to Arkansas and Louisiana. Please note that the maps do not show the entire extent of an aquifer, only itssubcropor outcrop area. 9999--Areas that are not a national aquifer. A two-dimensionalmap representation of the principal aquiferswas derived from this data and published as part of the National Atlas in 1998 (revised 2003). 1700 North Congress Avenue, Austin, TX 78701TEL: 512-463-7847 / FAX: 512-475-2053, Asset Management Program for Small Systems, State Water Implementation Fund for Texas (SWIFT), Guidance & References for Online Loan Application, State Water Implementation Fund for Texas, 6th Planning Cycle Information (2026 RWPs), 2021 Regional Water Plans & Previous Plans, Regional Water Planning Data Entry Application (RWP22) Training, District Information (O-Z and Other Districts), Extended Naturalize Flow and Reservoir Evaporation, Flood Planning Useful Links and Resources, Drought Response and Financial Assistance, Water Conservation Plan ~ Utility Profile, Historical Water Loss Audit and Conservation Annual Report Data, Industrial, Commercial & Institutional (ICI), Brackish Resources Aquifer Characterization System, Notice of Nondiscrimination and Reasonable Accommodation, Texas Natural Resources Information System (TNRIS), Texas Water Infrastructure Coordination Committee (TWICC), Texas Aquifers Study: Groundwater Quantity, Quality, Flow, and Contributions to Surface Water, Reevaluation of desired future conditions for the Trinity Aquifer in Comanche and Erath counties, Reconnaissance Investigation of the Ground-Water Resources of the Brazos River Basin, Texas, Geology and Ground-Water Resources of Uvalde County, Texas, Ground-Water Geology of Bexar County, Texas, Ground-Water Resources of Guadalupe County, Texas, Changes in Groundwater Conditions in the Edwards and Trinity Aquifers, 1987-1997, for Portions of Bastrop, Bell, Burnet, Lee, Milam, Travis, and Williamson Counties, Texas, Ground-Water Resources of Bastrop County, Texas, Ground-Water Resources of Navarro County, Texas, Geology and Ground-Water Resources of Medina County, Texas, Geology and Ground-Water Resources of Hays County, Texas, Ground-Water Geology of Bandera County, Texas, Occurrence and Quality of Ground Water in Brown County, Texas, Occurrence and Quality of Ground Water in Montague County, Texas, Occurrence, Availability, and Chemical Quality of Ground Water in the Edwards Plateau Region of Texas, Ground-Water Evaluation in and Adjacent to Dripping Springs, Texas, Occurrence, Availability, and Quality of Ground Water in Travis County, Texas, Ground-Water Resources of Kerr County, Texas, Ground-Water Resources of Blanco County, Texas, Base-Flow Studies, Upper Guadalupe River Basin, Texas, Quality and Quantity, Ground-Water Availability of the Lower Cretaceous Formations in the Hill Country of South-Central Texas, Groundwater Availability of the Trinity Aquifer, Hill Country Area, Texas: Numerical Simulations through 2050, Occurrence, Quantity, and Quality of Ground Water in Taylor County, Texas, Ground-Water Quality Monitoring of the Trinity Aquifer in the Vicinity of Erath County, Occurrence, Availability and Chemical Quality of Ground Water in the Cretaceous Aquifers of North-Central Texas, Volumes 1 & 2, Ground-Water Resources of Part of Central Texas with Emphasis on the Antlers and Travis Peak Formations, Volumes 1 & 2, Evaluation of Water Resources in Part of Central Texas, The Paleozoic and Related Aquifers of Central Texas, Evaluation of Ground-Water Resources of the Paleozoic and Cretaceous Aquifers in the Hill Country of Central Texas, Updated Evaluation of Water Resources in Part of North-Central Texas, 1990-1999, Evaluation of Water Resources in Part of North-Central Texas, Occurrence and Quality of Ground Water in Jack County, Texas, Groundwater Availability Model: Hill Country Portion of the Trinity Aquifer of Texas, Desired future condition scenarios for the middle and lower Trinity Aquifer in Groundwater Management Area 10, Desired future condition scenarios for the Trinity Aquifer in Groundwater Management Area 10, Management plan information for Prairielands GCD, Management plan information for Central Texas GCD, Management plan information for North Texas GCD, Management plan information for Red River GCD, Management plan information for Post Oak Savannah GCD, Additional results from the analysis completed in GAM Task 10-005, Management plan information for Lost Pines GCD, Management plan information for Clearwater UWCD, Management plan information for Middle Trinity GCD, Management plan information for Hays Trinity GCD, Management plan information for Medina County GCD, Management plan information for Cow Creek GCD, Predictive simulations for the Edwards-Trinity (Plateau) and Trinity aquifers in Groundwater Management Area 9, Management plan information for Upper Trinity GCD, Management plan information for Neches & Trinity Valleys GCD, Additional results from the analysis completed in GAM Run 08-064, Predictive and steady-state simulations for the Trinity Aquifer in Groundwater Management Area 9, Management plan information for McLennan County GCD, Predictive simulation for the Woodbine and Trinity aquifers in Groundwater Management Area 8, Management plan information for Northern Trinity GCD, Management plan information for Fox Crossing Water District, Management plan information for Saratoga UWCD, Predictive simulation for the Trinity Aquifer in Groundwater Management Area 9, Predictive simulations for the Trinity Aquifer in Groundwater Management Area 8, Simulation to document locations and discharges to springs and rivers, and document the water budget in Groundwater Management Area 9, Predictive simulation for the Trinity Aquifer in Groundwater Management Area 8, Predictive simulation for the Trinity Aquifer in Lampasas County (Saratoga UWCD), Predictive simulation for the Trinity Aquifer in Mills County, Effects on Guadalupe River flow from various pumping scenarios in the Trinity Aquifer, Recharge information for the Carrizo-Wilcox, Edwards-Trinity (Plateau) and Trinity aquifers in Uvalde County, Recharge information for the Carrizo-Wilcox and Trinity aquifers in Medina County, Recharge rates for the Trinity Aquifer in Hays Trinity GCD, Analytical groundwater modeling to estimate water level drawdown in Erath and Comanche counties, Analytical groundwater modeling to assess water level drawdown by implementing hypothetical well fields, Decadal water level declines for the Upper and Middle Trinity aquifers of the Trinity (Hill Country) GAM, Recharge, leakage, and total storage for the Trinity (Hill Country) in Bandera County River Authority and GCD, Water budget, storage, and drawdown in 2050 for the Trinity (Hill Country) and Carrizo-Wilcox aquifers in Medina County GCD, Water budget by county for the Trinity (Hill Country) Aquifer, Estimated water levels at specified locations in the Trinity (Hill Country) GAM, Average well yield in Kendall County for the Trinity (Hill Country) Aquifer GAM, Managed available groundwater estimates for the Trinity Aquifer in Groundwater Management Area 8, Trinity Aquifer model runs for Central Texas GCD, County water budget for the Trinity (Hill Country) Aquifer GAM, Predictive simulations for the Trinity Aquifer in Clearwater UWCD, Modeled available groundwater for the Trinity Aquifer in Groundwater Management Area 10, Aquifer Test and Related Well Information from Public Water Supply Wells in Groundwater Management Area 8, Management plan data for Hill Country UWCD, Ground Water Recharge Model: Calibration and Validation for Remotely-Sensed Dual Coefficient (RDC) GMA8 ET Estimation, Management plan information for Blanco-Pedernales GCD, Management plan data for Blanco-Pedernales GCD, Management plan data for Neches & Trinity Valleys GCD, Management plan data for Middle Trinity GCD, GAM task - Total Estimated Recoverable Storage, Total Estimated Recoverable Storage for aquifers in Groundwater Management Area 6, Total Estimated Recoverable Storage for aquifers in Groundwater Management Area 7, Total Estimated Recoverable Storage for aquifers in Groundwater Management Area 9, Total Estimated Recoverable Storage for aquifers in Groundwater Management Area 10, Total Estimated Recoverable Storage for aquifers in Groundwater Management Area 13, Management plan information for Real-Edwards Conservation and Reclamation District, Total Estimated Recoverable Storage for aquifers in Groundwater Management Area 8, Total Estimated Recoverable Storage for aquifers in Groundwater Management Area 11, Total Estimated Recoverable Storage for aquifers in Groundwater Management Area 12, Management plan data for Southern Trinity GCD, Management plan information for Trinity-Glen Rose GCD, Management plan data for Trinity Glen Rose GCD, Management Plan data for Southern Trinity GCD, Management plan data for Hays Trinity GCD, Management plan data for Upper Trinity GCD, Management plan data for Northern Trinity GCD, Predictive simulations for the Trinity Aquifer in Groundwater Management Area 9, Management plan data for Medina County GCD, Management Plan data for Uvalde County UWCD, Management plan information for Middle Trinity GCD, Management plan data for Comal Trinity GCD, Management plan information for Headwaters GCD, Management plan information for Bandera County RA&GD, Management plan information for Hill Country UWCD, Management plan information for Neches and Trinity Valleys GCD, Management plan information for Southern Trinity GCD, Management plan information for Glen Rose GCD, Management plan information for Southwestern Travis County GCD, Management plan information for Bandera County RA & GD, Management plan information for Comal Trinity GCD, Proportion of aquifer with groundwater conservation districts: 88 percent, Number of counties containing the aquifer: 61. 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