Arizona does not have any vulnerable road user laws at this time. Source: Ohio Rev. Rev. There are currently no national standards for laws protecting vulnerable road users, but the League of American Bicyclists has drafted a Model Vulnerable Road User statute, which you can find here: http://www.bikeleague.org/legacy/action/bikelaws/modellaws.php. When operating a bicycle upon a roadway on which traffic is restricted to one direction of movement and which has two or more marked traffic lanes, in which case a bicyclist may ride as near to the left-hand curb or left-hand edge of the roadway as practicable. Oregon also allows bicyclists and motorcyclists to proceed through a steady red light controlled by a vehicle detection device after coming to a complete stop and waiting one complete light cycle. Wisconsin requires that no person open any door on a motor vehicle unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. There has been a steady stream of legislative action at statehouses regarding e-bikes since 2015. 41-6a-102(72); 41-6a-1102. Source: N.Y. Veh. New Jersey currently has the following laws aimed at distracted driving, subject to limited exceptions: Source: N.J. Stat. tit. tit. In addition, no person shall leave a door open upon the side of a vehicle available to moving traffic for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload passengers. Yields the right of way to the driver of any vehicle approaching on such other highway from either direction. 18 2214. In Iowa bicycles are not vehicles according to the statute that defines vehicles, but a person riding a bicycle has all of the rights and duties of the driver of a vehicle as provided in Chapter 321 of the Iowa Code, except as to those provisions which by their nature can have no application. For more information on such plates please visit:http://www.dmv.pa.gov/VEHICLE-SERVICES/Registration%20Plates/Special-Fund/Pages/default.aspx. California requires that any person under the age of 18 riding a bicycle, as an operator or passenger, must wear a protective bicycle helmet. Ann. Source: Utah Code Ann. South Dakota requires that, when overtaking and passing a bicycle proceeding in the same direction, a person driving a motor vehicle shall allow a minimum of 3 foot separation between the right side of the drivers vehicle, including any mirror or other projection, and the left side of the bicycle if the posted speed limit is 35 mph or less and shall allow a minimum of 6 feet of separation if the posted speed limit is greater than 35 mph. Any person under the age of eighteen (18) who has been issued an instruction permit, intermediate license, or operator's license shall not operate a motor vehicle, motorcycle, or moped that is in motion on the traveled portion of a roadway while using a personal communication device. New Jersey does not provide any modifications to the requirement to come to a complete stop when directed to stop by traffic control devices and does not authorize bicyclists to disobey traffic lights that fail to detect bicyclists. A skateboard;5. Sources: Ark. Cent. Source: Alaska Stat. The District of Columbia allows bicycles to operate on sidewalks subject to the following rules: Source: D.C. Mun. In addition, a motor vehicle operator may pass a bicycle traveling in the same direction in a non-passing zone with the duty to execute the pass only when it is safe to do so. Source: N.C. Gen. Stat. There are currently no national standards for laws protecting vulnerable road users, but the League of American Bicyclists has drafted a Model Vulnerable Road User statute,which you can findhere. Montana requires that no person open a door of a motor vehicle unless it is reasonably safe to do so without interfering with the movement of other traffic. When overtaking and passing another bicycle, pedestrian, or other vehicle within the bike lane if the overtaking and passing cannot be done safely within the bike lane; When preparing for a left turn at an intersection or into an alley, private road, or driveway; When reasonably necessary to leave the bike lane to avoid debris or other hazardous condition; or. Avoiding the door zone of a parked vehicle; or. Nebraska requires that no person open the door of a motor vehicle on the side available to moving traffic unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so and it can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. Code Ann. In Rhode Island bicycles are vehicles according to the statute that defines vehicles and a person riding a bicycle has all of the rights and duties of a driver of a vehicle under Chapters 12 through 27 of Title 31 of the Rhode Island Statutes, except for special regulations specific to bicycles and those provisions that by their nature can have no application. Source: Haw. Helmet laws address safety helmet use by motorcycle, low-power cycle (moped, scooter, motorized cycle), or bicycle riders. These include: Source: Miss. Any person riding a bicycle upon a sidewalk shall yield the right-of-way to pedestrians, and shall travel at a speed no greater than the posted speed limit of the adjacent roadway; provided, that such speed is safe for the conditions then existing on the sidewalk. The laws regulating the operation of bicycles in the state of Arkansas are generally found in Title 27 of the Arkansas Code of 1987 Annotated Official Edition (Ark. Source: Me. Indiana has no helmet law. Stat. E-bikes may also provide a more attractive and feasible choice to take short trips. Stat. The definition of motor vehicle does not include bicycles and a person operating a bicycle is a vulnerable user. However, a person riding a bicycle has all of the rights and duties of a driver of a vehicle, except those provisions that by their nature can have no application. It is legal for all persons of any age to operate a bicycle without wearing a helmet unless otherwise provided by a municipal regulation. Wyoming also empowers localities to enact a registration fee as part of any local ordinances governing the operation, registration and licensure of non-electric bicycles and e-bikes. Arizona specifically provides that statewide laws do not prohibit a local authority, with respect to streets and highways under its jurisdiction and within the reasonable exercise of the police power, from restricting the use of highways or regulating the operation of bicycles and requiring the registration and licensing of bicycles, including the requirement of a registration fee. Vermont does not offer Share the Road license plates at this time. Code Ann. For any questions about this State's bike laws, or about your rights to the road, contact Florida's Bike Law Attorney Peter Wilborn directly. A person lawfully operating a bicycle on a sidewalk, or on a crosswalk, shall have all the rights and duties applicable to a pedestrian under the same circumstances. Virginia requires that any driver of any vehicle overtaking a bicycle proceeding in the same direction shall pass at a reasonable speed at least three feet to the left of the overtaken bicycle and shall not again proceed to the right side of the highway until safely clear of such overtaken bicycle. Hawaii requires that any person under the age of 16 who operates a bicycle must wear a protective bicycle helmet. 1. 28.90.990(16); 28.90.990(28); Alaska Admin. In Arizona, regulations state that all motorized bicycles must have the following: A minimum of one front headlight visible from at least 100 feet when operating at speeds of 20 mph or less. Missouri does not have any vulnerable road user laws at this time. Source: N/A. Ohio does not require that bicyclists use any lane or path other than a normal vehicular traffic lane. (b) A violation of this subsection is a nonmoving violation, punishable as provided in s. 318.18. Hawaii requires that whenever a usable bicycle lane has been provided on a highway, any person operating a bicycle at a speed less than the normal speed of traffic moving in the same direction at such time shall ride within such bicycle lane, except that such person may move out of the lane under any of the following situations: In Hawaii, bicycles are defined as vehicles. Maryland does not provide any modifications to the requirement to come to a complete stop when directed to stop by traffic control devices and does not authorize bicyclists to disobey traffic lights that fail to detect bicyclists. In addition, Arkansas's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies to anyone in actual physical control of a motor vehicle and therefore does not directly apply to bicyclists. Maryland requires that a bicyclist, traveling at a speed less that the speed of traffic, ride as near to the right side of the roadway as practicable and safe, except when: Maryland generally prohibits the operation of vehicles on sidewalks, but specifically provides that where allowed by local ordinance, a person may ride a bicycle on a sidewalk or sidewalk area. A person operating a bicycle upon and along a sidewalk, or across a highway upon and along a crosswalk, shall yield the right-of-way to any pedestrian, and shall give an audible signal before overtaking and passing a pedestrian or another bicyclist; and. tit. 42-4-1002; 42-4-1003; 42-4-1004. However, the law also defines "motorized bicycle" as a pedal bicycle having an electric motor that propels the bicycle in excess of 20 MPH with a maximum motor-powered speed of 28 MPH. 41-6a-1715; 41-6a-1716; 76-5-207.5. The laws regulating the operation of bicycles in the state of Nebraska are generally found in Chapter 60 of the Nebraska Revised Statutes (Neb. Virginia's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies to motor vehicles and therefore does not directly apply to bicyclists. Florida, Maine and Maryland require any e-bike operator or passenger under 16 years of age to wear a helmet, while New Jersey requires any e-bike operator or passenger under 17 to wear a helmet and New York requires any e-bike operator or passenger under 14 to wear a helmet. Code 39-07-01; 39-10.1-02. However, Montana does include distracted driving in its traffic education curriculum. For more information on such plates please visit: http://pccsc.net/licenseplate.php. Georgia currently has the following laws aimed at distracted driving, subject to limited exceptions: Source: Ga. Code Ann. 11-176; 21-1202. Ann. There are currently no national standards for laws protecting vulnerable road users, but the League of American Bicyclists has drafted a Model Vulnerable Road User statute, which you can find here. Rev. In addition, no person shall leave a door open on a side of a vehicle available to moving traffic for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload passengers. If there was an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more, it shall be presumed that the defendant was under the influence of alcohol. When the lane is too narrow to share with another vehicle, or. In addition, no person shall leave a door open on the side of a vehicle available to moving traffic for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload passengers. 75 Pa. Cons. When operating upon a one-way highway with two or more marked traffic lanes, in which case a bicyclist may ride as near to the left side of the roadway as practicable. If there is only one lane for traffic proceeding in the same direction, pass to the left of the bicycle at a safe distance, which must be not less than 3 feet between any portion of the vehicle and the bicycle, and shall not move again to the right side of the highway until the vehicle is safely clear of the overtaken bicycle. Utah requires that a person operating a bicycle, at a speed less than the speed of traffic, must ride as near as practicable to the right-hand edge of the roadway except when: Utah allows bicycles to operate on sidewalks subject to the following rules: Source: Utah Code Ann. Stat. Not ride a bicycle where such use is prohibited by official traffic control devices or local ordinances. The District of Columbia does not offer Share the Road license plates at this time. To see current specialty plates please visit: http://www.ct.gov/dmv/cwp/view.asp?a=811&q=276580. Failure to wear a helmet shall not be considered as evidence of negligence per se, contributory negligence, or assumption of the risk in any civil suit arising out of any accident in which a person under 16 years of age is injured. Source: N.C. Gen. Stat. 32:300.5; 32:300.6; 32:300.7. Illinois requires that no person open the door of a vehicle on the side available to moving traffic unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so, and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. In addition, at a place where a person may ride a bicycle on a sidewalk or sidewalk area, a person may also ride a bicycle on a crosswalk. Source: Alaska Admin. The laws regulating the operation of bicycles in the state of Kansas are generally found in Chapter 8, Article 15 of the Kansas Statutes Annotated (Kan. Stat. New Jersey requires that the driver of a vehicle overtaking a bicycleshall overtake and pass a bicycle at a safe distance that does not interfere with the safe operation of the bicycle, taking into consideration the size and speed of the motor vehicle and bicycle, traffic conditions, weather, visibility, and the surface and width of the highway. Ann. However, in no event shall failure to wear a helmet be considered as contributory or comparative negligence, nor shall the failure to wear a helmet be admissible as evidence in the trial of any civil action. 23 1099; 1095a. Minnesota does not offer Share the Road license plates at this time. New York's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies to motor vehicles and therefore does not directly apply to bicyclists. Source: Neb. Arkansas prohibits a driver of a motor vehicle from using a handheld wireless telephone for wireless interactive communication while operating a motor vehicle, except in certain emergency situations. 47-1-104. In Colorado, a person who drives a motor vehicle in a careless and imprudent manner and whose actions are the proximate cause of serious bodily injury to a vulnerable road user commits the offense of "Infliction of Serious Bodily Injury to a Vulnerable Road User.". Bicycles should not be operated while intoxicated and operating a bicycle while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances may result in severe punishments. Nevada provides that the driver of a motor vehicle shall not intentionally interfere with the movement of a person lawfully riding a bicycle. Stat. For more information on such plates please visit: http://web01.dps.louisiana.gov/omv1.nsf/58c968bd569b099986256cdc000806eb/2f7d84fe6d8a49ab862578a8005d4e96?OpenDocument. Colorado Department of Transportation Bike-Ped Manual: A person using a skateboard, roller skates or in-line skates. If a person operating a bicycle does those two steps they may proceed through a red light with caution. However, 25 states do not have helmet requirements for any class of e-bike. When treating a stop sign as a yield sign, a bicyclist must slow down to a reasonable speed and yield the right of way to any vehicle in or approaching the intersection so closely as to constitute an immediate hazard. As "motorized bicycles," electric bicycles are subject to some motor vehicle laws, including requirements for licensing, registration, and insurance. ), available here: http://www.lexisnexis.com/hottopics/tncode/. A person who causes substantial bodily injury to a vulnerable user by the operation of a vehicle in a negligent manner may be charged with negligent injury in the first degree, a class C felony; A person who caused the death of a vulnerable user by the operation of a vehicle in a manner that constitutes simple negligence may be charged with negligent homicide in the second degree, a class C felony; and. No person who is seventeen years of age or younger shall operate a motor vehicle on any public road or highway in this state while using any wireless telecommunications device to engage in a call or write, send or read a text-based communication. The law enforcement officer shall not provide the assistance offered if the bicycle rider refuses to accept it. North Carolina requires that a bicyclist, traveling at a speed less than the speed of traffic, must drive in the righthand lane then available for thru traffic, or as close as practicable to the righthand curb or edge of the highway, except when overtaking and passing another vehicle proceeding in the same direction or when preparing for a left turn. Source: Ind. The overtaking of a bicycle by a motor vehicle, or vice versa, is governed by general traffic laws and, in most circumstances, such overtaking must be done to the left at a safe distance. 29-A 2116; 2118; 2119. Stat. Code tit. 189.300 and601 KAR 14:020 7(3). Oklahoma requires that every bicyclist, traveling at a speed less than the speed of traffic, must ride as close as is safe to the right-hand curb or edge of the roadway, except under any of the following situations: Oklahoma does not have a statute that specifically authorizes or prohibits the operation of a bicycle upon a sidewalk. However, the law provides for exceptions to this requirement under any of the following situations: California does not have a statute that specifically authorizes or prohibits the operation of a bicycle upon a sidewalk. Ann. North Dakota Department of Transportation Bicycle Safety page: No person shall drive a motor vehicle, trackless trolley, or streetcar on any street, highway, or property open to the public for vehicular traffic while using a handheld electronic wireless communications device to write, send, or read a text-based communication; and. ), available here http://kslegislature.org/li/b2011_12/statute/. Code tit. When riding upon a one-way road or highway, a person may also ride as near the left-hand curb or edge of such roadway as safely practicable. 3; Minn. Stat. A bicyclist approaching a steady red traffic control light shall stop before entering the intersection and shall yield to all other traffic. Rev. Source: Kan. Stat. When preparing for a left turn at an intersection or into a private road or driveway. Maryland Department of Transportation Compilation of laws: Maryland State Highway Administration Legal resources: Potomac Pedalers Compilation of laws for Maryland, DC, and Virginia: Washington Area Bicyclist Association Compilation of laws for Maryland, DC, and Virginia: No person operating a vehicle that overtakes and passes a bicyclist proceeding in the same direction shall make a right turn at an intersection or driveway unless the turn can be made at a safe distance from the bicyclist at a speed that is reasonable and proper. The failure to wear a required helmet shall not be used as evidence of contributory negligence in any civil action. A pedestrian, including an individual who is lawfully: (i) actively working on a highway or utility facility along a highway; (ii) providing emergency services on a highway; or (iii) on a sidewalk or footpath; An individual who is lawfully riding or leading an animal on a highway, shoulder, crosswalk, or sidewalk; or. For more information on such plates please visit: http://www.in.gov/bmv/2778.htm. It is usually between 17 and 20 years old, and it may or may not be applicable to both the passenger and operator. Of which, at least eight, including Arizona, Idaho, Illinois, Oklahoma, Texas, Washington, Wisconsin and Wyoming, have enacted specific e-bike laws without such requirements. Nevertheless bicycles should not be operated while intoxicated and a bicyclist may potentially be charged with a DUI because bicyclists are generally subject to the duties applicable to vehicles. For more information on such plates please visit: http://www.dol.wa.gov/vehicleregistration/spshareroad.html. However, Texas has designated April as Child Safety Month which, amongst other things, promotes ways to reduce accidental injury and death through the use of bicycle helmets. The laws regulating the operation of bicycles in the state of Minnesota are generally found in Chapter 169 of the Minnesota Statutes (Minn. Minnesota Department of Transportation Bicycle law resources: Bicycle Alliance of Minnesota Compilation of laws: Minnesota Safety Council Compilation of laws: City of Minneapolis Bicycle Law resources: It is unlawful to harass, taunt or maliciously throw an object at or in the direction of any person riding a bicycle. Too narrow for a bicycle and a motor vehicle to safely travel side by side. Stat. North Dakota does not require that bicyclists use any lane or path other than a normal vehicular traffic lane. Minnesota requires that bicyclists shall ride as close as practicable to the right-hand curb or edge of the roadway except under any of the following situations: Minnesota allows bicycles to operate on sidewalks subject to the following rules: Minnesota does not require that bicyclists use any lane or path other than a normal vehicular traffic lane. Code 39-08-23; 39-08-24. Stat. Missouri's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies to motor vehicles and therefore does not directly apply to bicyclists. Kansas requires that a bicyclist, traveling at a speed less than the speed of traffic, must ride as close as practicable to the right-hand edge of the roadway except under any of the following circumstances: Kansas does not have a statute that specifically authorizes or prohibits the operation of a bicycle upon a sidewalk. There are currently no national standards for laws protecting vulnerable road users, but the League of American Bicyclists has drafted a Model Vulnerable Road User statute, which you can find here.Source: N/A, Alabama has passed a law prohibiting writing, sending, or reading text messages on an electronic device while operating a motor vehicle. A learner's permit or intermediate Class D license may be suspended or canceled due to use of a hand-held electronic device while operating a motor vehicle for non-life-threatening emergency purposes. Transp. There are currently no national standards for laws protecting vulnerable road users, but the League of American Bicyclists has drafted a Model Vulnerable Road User statute,which you can findhere. In addition, Arkansas provides for certain age-based restrictions, subject to an emergency exception: Sources: Ark. 300.010(41); 307.188. The Alabama Bicycling Coalition has a compilation of laws relevant to bicycles which provides direct links to the Alabama Code and is more comprehensive than this page, it is available here: http://www.alabike.org/code.html, Alaska does not have a law that sets a specific distance for a motor vehicle overtaking a bicycle. Florida requires the driver of a vehicle overtaking a bicycle or other non-motorized vehicle must pass the bicycle or other non-motorized vehicle at a safe distance of not less than 3 feet between the vehicle and the bicycle or other non-motorized vehicle. . Kentucky does not have a law that sets a specific distance for a motor vehicle overtaking a bicycle. Code Ann. Virginia defines a vulnerable road user laws as a pedestrian; the operator of or passenger on a bicycle, electric personal assistive mobility device, electric power-assisted bicycle, wheelchair or wheel chari conveyance, skateboard, roller skates, motorized skateboard or scooter, or animal-drawn vehicle or any attached device; or any person riding an animal. To throw any stone, rock, missile or any substance at any bicycle; or, Wrongfully to injure, deface or damage any bicycle or any part thereof, If a driver violates certain laws related to driving in a school zone and is the proximate cause of a collision with a pedestrian or a person riding a bicycle there are increased penalties due to such collision; and. Pennsylvania does not have any vulnerable road user laws at this time. Hawaii requires that every bicyclist, traveling at a speed less than the speed of traffic, must ride as near to the right-hand curb, on the edge of the roadway, or on the shoulder off of the roadway as practicable, exercising due care when passing a standing vehicle or one proceeding in the same direction; except under any of the following situations: Hawaii provides that unless otherwise prohibited, a bicycle may be driven at a speed of ten miles per hour or less on a sidewalk or sidewalk area; provided that the driver of the bicycle shall yield the right-of-way to any pedestrian and that bicycle riding shall be prohibited on sidewalks in business districts. Massachusetts's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies to motor vehicles and therefore does not directly apply to bicyclists. Stat. Low-speed e-bikes are as safe and sturdy as traditional bicycles and move at speeds similar to conventional bikes. Rev. E-bikes are emissions-free, low impact and operate silently. Private donations to the fund may be made through the Commissioner of Transportation. California provides that whenever a bicycle lane has been established on a roadway, any person operating a bicycle upon the roadway at a speed less than the normal speed of traffic moving in the same direction at that time shall ride within the bicycle lane, except that the person may move out of the lane under any of the following situations: California specifically provides that it is unlawful for any person to ride a bicycle upon a highway while under the influence of an alcoholic beverage or any drug, or under the combined influence of an alcoholic beverage and any drug. In addition, no person shall leave a door open on the side of a vehicle available to traffic, or to pedestrians or bicycles on sidewalks or shoulders, for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload passengers. The overtaking of a bicycle by a motor vehicle, or vice versa, is governed by general traffic laws and, in most circumstances, such overtaking must be done to the left at a safe distance. Stat. Bicycles should not be operated while intoxicated and operating a bicycle while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances may result in severe punishments. At least 75% of the funds generated by the plates must go to: For more information on such plates please visit: http://www.flhsmv.gov/dmv/specialtytags/miscellaneous/share_the_road.html. Source: S.C. Code Ann. Rev. 5-65-103; 27-49-219; 27-49-111. Arkansas does not have a statute that specifically authorizes or prohibits the operation of a bicycle upon a sidewalk. Vermont's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies only to motor vehicles and therefore does not directly apply to bicyclists. New Mexico's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies to vehicles and therefore does not directly apply to bicyclists. Ann. A person operating a bicycle on the sidewalk is required to yield the right of way to pedestrians and give an audible signal before overtaking and passing any pedestrian. Emergency exception: Sources: Ark low motorized bicycle laws by state and operate silently helmet not... To wear a protective bicycle helmet the road license plates at this time: //web01.dps.louisiana.gov/omv1.nsf/58c968bd569b099986256cdc000806eb/2f7d84fe6d8a49ab862578a8005d4e96?.... Who operates a bicycle without wearing a helmet unless otherwise provided by a regulation. Person lawfully riding a bicycle upon a sidewalk of 0.08 or more it...: Sources: Ark stream of legislative action at statehouses regarding e-bikes since 2015 person under the influence of.... 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